Designing 400 kV lines presents unique challenges compared to lower voltage systems. Our focus is on providing equipment that addresses these issues. Key considerations include:

• Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Mitigation: As 400 kV lines generate strong electromagnetic fields, design must ensure they comply with international safety standards (e.g., ICNIRP). This often involves specific conductor arrangements and larger right-of-ways.

• Insulation Coordination: Protecting the line from lightning and switching overvoltages is crucial. This requires carefully selecting and positioning high-quality insulators and surge arresters to prevent flashovers.

• Conductor Configuration: Using bundled conductors (e.g., two or more conductors per phase) is common at this voltage to reduce corona effect, which can cause power loss and radio interference.

• Structural Integrity: Towers must be designed to withstand extreme environmental conditions, including high winds and ice loading. Fatigue analysis is also a critical part of ensuring long-term reliability.