The decision to use an overhead line or an underground cable is typically based on a cost-benefit analysis that considers several factors.

• Cost: overhead lines are significantly cheaper to install and repair than underground cables. The high cost of excavation, specialized insulated cables, and labor for underground projects makes them impractical for long-distance, rural transmission.

• Reliability: underground cables offer superior reliability because they are protected from environmental factors like storms, lightning, and falling trees. In contrast, overhead lines are more susceptible to weather-related outages.

• Location: In densely populated urban areas, underground cables are preferred for aesthetic reasons and to avoid the visual clutter of poles and wires. Overhead lines are more common in rural and suburban areas where land is less valuable and visual impact is a lower priority.