The proper installation of high-voltage cables is a non-negotiable factor for the safety and longevity of the entire electrical grid. Unlike lower-voltage cables, HV cables operate at extreme electrical stress levels. Any flaw, no matter how small, can lead to a catastrophic failure. The standards address critical parameters that, if not followed, can lead to:

• Insulation Failure: Improper bending, excessive pulling tension, or mechanical damage during installation can create micro-fractures in the insulation. Over time, these weak points can lead to insulation breakdown.

• Overheating: HV cables generate significant heat. Standards specify minimum trench depths, spacing between cables, and the use of thermally-stable backfill (e.g., thermal sand) to ensure heat is properly dissipated. Overheating can accelerate insulation degradation and cause cable failure.

• Water Ingress: Even a tiny breach in the outer sheath can allow moisture to enter the cable, leading to a phenomenon called "water treeing" that progressively degrades the insulation. Standards mandate the use of watertight joints and proper terminations to prevent this.