Smart grid technologies are transforming traditional power transmission by enabling two-way communication and real-time monitoring and control. This integration addresses challenges such as grid stability, reliability, and the integration of renewable energy sources. Key aspects include:

• Real-time Monitoring: Sensors and Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) are installed on transmission lines and substations to provide real-time data on voltage, current, and frequency. This allows operators to quickly detect and respond to potential issues like overloading or faults.

• Automated Control: The data collected by sensors is used in automated control systems to optimize power flow, manage voltage stability, and reroute power to avoid disruptions. This "self-healing" capability enhances grid resilience.

• Integration of Renewables: Smart grids are essential for managing the intermittent and decentralized nature of renewable energy sources like wind and solar. They balance supply and demand in real time, ensuring grid stability even with a high penetration of renewables.

• Predictive Maintenance: Data analytics and digital twins are used to predict equipment failures before they occur, allowing for proactive maintenance and reducing downtime. Drones equipped with thermal and corona cameras are also used for remote inspections.