The reliability of an overhead power line is determined by a combination of factors related to its design, construction, and maintenance. Key considerations include:

• Materials and Engineering: The choice of conductor material (e.g., ACSR, AAAC) and the mechanical strength of the supporting structures (poles and towers) are crucial for withstanding environmental stresses.

• Geographical and Climatic Conditions: Engineers must design the line to withstand the specific weather conditions of the region, including wind loads, ice accumulation, and lightning activity.

• Inspection and Maintenance Protocols: A proactive maintenance schedule, including regular aerial and ground inspections, is essential for identifying potential issues before they cause a fault. This includes checking for conductor sag, insulator condition, and vegetation encroachment.