A power transmission system is the backbone of the electrical grid, moving electricity from generation plants to substations for local distribution. The key components that make this possible include:

• transmission lines: The high-voltage cables, typically strung on tall towers or poles, that carry electricity over long distances with minimal loss.

• Substations: These facilities contain transformers and switchgear to step up the voltage for efficient long-distance transmission and then step it down for distribution to local areas.

• Transformers: Crucial devices in substations that change the voltage of the electricity. Step-up transformers increase voltage at the generation side, and step-down transformers decrease it at the distribution side.

• Insulators: These devices are essential for preventing the high-voltage wires from shorting out to the support structures or to each other. They are typically made of glass, porcelain, or composite polymer materials.

• Support Structures: This includes the towers, poles, and gantries that physically hold the transmission lines in the air, maintaining a safe clearance from the ground and other objects.