Urbanization is driving a 7–12% CAGR in underground networks. Key tools include high-capacity vibratory ploughs and HDD (Horizontal Directional Drilling) rigs for distribution networks above 33 kV. Other essentials: friction-minimizing underground-Cable-Laying-Equipment-and-Tools.html target='_blank'>cable rollers or conveyors (paired with 100+ ton winches) to pull long cables smoothly; anti-corrosion pulling grips (for Aluminum-Alloy conductors in coastal areas); and HDD trenchless systems for road crossings. In markets like India, BIS-certified HDD rigs made domestically help avoid delays (post-Galwan policies) for projects like Hyderabad’s new underground grid.